Archives for December 2013

Blue Filters in Short Supply

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Korea IT News, Digitimes report that so called "blue filters" used in high-resolution BSI camera modules are in short supply. The "blue filters" are made of IR-absorbing material that can keep its IR stopping efficiency in wide acceptance angle typical for modern BSI sensors. Older FSI-based modules used multi-layer IR cut filters which are more sensitive to the angle. Korean makers OPTRONTEC, OPTRONTECH, Nanos and LMS have entered the market dominated by Japanese Asahi Glass and German Schott and drive the prices down.


Samsung Securities report gives more examples of BSI sensor artifacts when used with older IR cut filters:

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Experiment: Pinned PD Paper Peer Review

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Eric Fossum and Donald Hondongwa submitted Pinned Photodiode review paper for publication in open-access IEEE Journal of Electron Devices Society, J-EDS.

The experiment is to publish a draft version of the review paper and solicit input – especially on things that ought to be referenced or discussed – in order to create the best possible review paper for our community. A list of references is quite extensive and currently counts 102 items. Here is the link to the draft version:

"A Review of the Pinned Photodiode for CCD and CMOS Image Sensors"

Abstract: The pinned photodiode is the primary photodetector structure used in most CCD and CMOS image sensors. This paper reviews the development, physics, and technology of the pinned photodiode.

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Hamamatsu Presents 90,000-Pixel SPAD Imager, More

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Hamamatsu News 2013, Vol. 2 presents a number of multi-pixel SPAD devices, or as the company calls them, Multi-Pixel Photon Counters (MPPC) with pixel sizes spanning from 10um to 100um:


The 400-pixel S12576-050 and 3600-pixel S12577-050 MPPCs include Peltier cooling element in quite a compact package:


The S12572-010C boasts resolution of 90,000 pixels on a 3mm x 3mm die, with pixel pitch of 10um. Impressive resolution and pixel size for a photon counter:

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Vision Research Announces 1MP 22,000fps Camera

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Vision Research announces the Phantom v2010. The new 1MP camera is able to capture more than 22,000fps at full resolution or 1280 x 800. The camera is based on a custom-designed image sensor having 28um pixels. The pixels are said to have 12b "bit depth", not sure what it means. The sensor has a global shutter with fastest speed of 1us (standard version) or 500ns (export-controlled version). The physical size of the sensor is 35.8mm x 22.4mm.

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More on TowerJazz-Panasonic JV

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TowerJazz publishes Q&A document on its joint venture with Panasonic. One of the answers directly states that the most advanced Panasonic internal CIS processes are becoming available to TowerJazz customers on a foundry basis:

Q: What does the acquisition mean for TowerJazz customers?

A: The JV will provide TowerJazz customers with access to a 12 inch fab, enabling the company with a cutting edge technology roadmap on top of its current offering, and will include 65nm and 45nm CMOS and 65nm advanced image sensor production flows.
Furthermore, the JV is expected to increase TowerJazz’s technology portfolio by providing multiple additional specialty flows, including Panasonic’s High Definition FSI – a world famous CIS benchmark technology for high quantum efficiency, its world class low dark current CIS technology, and its high voltage SOI based power management technologies.

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Sony Announces Low Power 16MP Sensor

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Sony announces 16.35MP/10fps, 1.34um BSI pixel IMX206CQC/HQC sensor with main differentiation being the smaller package and the lower power than its predecessor:

Package Size Comparison
Power Consumption Comparison

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Galaxycore Controls 60-70% of CIS Market in China

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Digitimes reports that Galaxycore has a 60-70% market share on Chinese image sensor market and now plans to diversify into LCD driver ICs.

Meanwhile, Galaxycore web site presents its first 1.4um BSI pixel sensor - the 5MP 1/4-inch GC5004:

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CMOSIS Company Presentation

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CMOSIS publishes a Youtube video presenting the company capabilities:

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Toshiba to Start Sampling 3D Stereo Module in January 2014

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Business Wire: Toshiba starts sample shipments of the previously announced TCM9518MD stereo camera module for smartphones, tablets and other mobile devices, on January 31, 2014. The new product is said to be the industry's first dual camera module to incorporate twin 1/4-inch 5MP sensors, which simultaneously outputs recorded images and depth data.

The depth data is calculated by a dedicated image processing LSI which measures and appends the depth data to objects in the image. Used in combination with customers' applications, the module supports new photo functions, including focus and defocus, and even allows objects in photographs to be extracted and erased. The image processing LSI generates 13MP images by upscaling images taken by the twin 5MP cameras, realizing a lower module height than that of conventional 13MP camera modules.

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It’s Official: TowerJazz Acquires 51% of Panasonic’s Image Sensor Fabs, Including 12-inch 65nm CIS Line

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Business Wire, Reuters: TowerJazz and Panasonic sign a definitive agreement to create a joint venture (JV) to manufacture Panasonic’s products. Panasonic will transfer its semiconductor manufacturing process and capacity tools of 8-inch and 12-inch wafers at its Hokuriku factories (Uozu, Tonami and Arai) to the JV, committing to acquire its products from the JV for a period of at least five years, and will transfer to TowerJazz 51% of the shares of this JV.

The JV is expected to increase TowerJazz’s technology offerings, including Panasonic's High Definition FSI technology known for high QE and low dark current. High Definition FSI is said to enable the use of FSI even for small pixels. It consists of light separation walls combined with a light pipe structure that funnels the light into the individual pixels with minimal light loss. This technology provides a high QE, and wide acceptance angles that helps in preventing shading at the periphery and improves color separation leading to true and vivid colors.

The dark current performance CIS technology is said to be one of the best in the industry, not only in the average very low values of dark currents even at elevated temperatures, but also with extremely small tail of high dark current pixels, known as hot pixels. As a result, Panasonic technology allows excellent images at low light conditions with no hot pixels in the image. This technology is well suited for high end DSLR type cameras.

Russell Ellwanger, TowerJazz CEO, commented, "We are honored to place our name side by side with Panasonic Corporation to create an innovative joint venture that provides high capacity, highest quality, multiple world leading analog platforms and, as well, 300mm advanced technology nodes. This partnership brings together two leaders – Panasonic, an acknowledged analog components and systems leader, and TowerJazz, a recognized analog foundry leader - to create a company that will serve and grow the analog foundry space as no existing single foundry company can."

For its 51% equity holding in the JV, TowerJazz will issue to Panasonic ordinary shares in the value of approximately $8M, based on TowerJazz average shares value during March 2014. As a result of holding its ordinary shares, Panasonic will become a minority stakeholder in TowerJazz. The JV balance sheet assets will include, among others, the cap-ex tools of the three fabs, cash in the amount of approximately $40M to be invested by Panasonic and work in process (inventories) manufactured at Panasonic fabs before the closing date.

Following this transaction, TowerJazz will rationalize its Japanese business, which may include fab consolidations between TowerJazz's Nishiwaki facility and the JV's facilities, and to this end, TowerJazz is evaluating potential ventures for the Nishiwaki facility. the 8-inch Nishiwaki plant has been acquired from Micron in 2011. It's used to manufacture Aptina sensors in 90nm process. Recently, Tower started to offer a foundry CIS process at Nishiwaki fab too.


Update: Panasonic has published more details on the JV fabs:

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1 Giga-pixel, 0.5sq.m Sensor Launched to Space

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IEEE Spectrum: ESA Gaia space observatory equipped with 106 e2v's CCDs with the total area of 0.5m x 1m and combined resolution of 1 Giga-pixel has been launched to space on a five year mission to map the galaxy.

This focal plane array has been designed and built by Astrium and will contain a mosaic of 106 large area, high performance Charged Coupled Device (CCD) CCD91-72 image sensors, which are custom designed, manufactured and tested by e2v. The CCD package is 3 sided buttable, to minimise the dead space between CCDs when they are tiled together in the mosaic. The CCDs are of BSI type, so this becomes not only the largest sensor camera, but also the largest BSI camera in space.

Hans Faulks, General Business Unit Manager for Space and Astronomy commented: "We are immensely proud and excited to finally see our image sensors embark on this mission. All the hard work, dedication and expertise that has been put into our sensors and into the mission will finally come to fruition. Our products will now play their part in history as we help increase our understanding of our universe."

Gaia CCD array assembly. Source: ESA

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Sigma 50mm f1.4 review – an alternative standard lens

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Sigma's 50mm f1.4 EX DG HSM is a standard lens with a bright aperture that's available for Canon, Nikon, Pentax and Sony A-mount DSLRs. Unlike many third party lenses it actually costs a little more than the equivalent 50mm f1.4 lenses from Canon and Nikon, so the big question is how well it performs and whether it's worth spending the extra. To find out, Thomas fitted it on his high resolution Nikon D800 body and ran it through his usual array of in-depth tests. So if you're looking for a high quality standard prime lens for your DSLR body, check out his Sigma 50mm f1.4 review!

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DxO Labs Updates Embedded Imaging Pages

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DxO Labs has updated embedded imaging pages on its web site. The pages describe the company's ISP, computational photography and services offerings. The news section announces that Motorola's Moto-X phone uses DxO Labs EIS video stabilization with jello effect compensation. A short Youtube video compares DxO's software EIS with OIS in Nokia Lumia 1020:

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Omnivision and Gionee Jointly Develop 16MP Smartphone Camera

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PR Newswire: OmniVision and Gionee, a smartphone manufacturer in China, have jointly developed a 16MP camera for Gionee's flagship smartphone using OmniVision's OV16825 CameraChip sensor (announced in 2012).

"OmniVision continuously strives to work with technology partners like Gionee that share our passion for innovation and exceeding consumer expectations. We're delighted to see the OV16825 built into a cutting-edge smartphone like the ELIFE E7," said Raymond Wu, president of OmniVision.

"This smartphone reflects Gionee's deep understanding of customer needs, as well as its close ties with world-class technology leaders like OmniVision, " said Lu Weibing, CEO of Gionee.

The 1/2.3-inch OV16825 is capable of operating in full-resolution 16MP video at 30fps, 4K2K (3840 x 2160) video at 60fps, and 1080p HD video at 60fps with extra pixels for EIS. The sensor is based on 1.34um OmniBSI-2 pixels. The OV16825 is currently in volume production.

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e2v and UK Open University Continue Collaboration

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The UK Open University’s Centre for Electronic Imaging (CEI) and e2v ongoing collaboration in image sensor technology is set to benefit from £1M sponsorship over the five years.

The sponsorship of the CEI helps support the group’s research on imaging devices for science applications such as the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Gaia mission, to be launched this week, and ESA’s Euclid mission to probe the ‘dark’ Universe. The collaboration also actively encourages the free exchange of knowledge and ideas through regular e2v staff visits, technical workshops and the supply of devices and equipment to support the research.

Professor of Electro-Optics at The Open University, Andrew Holland, said: "The CEI has worked closely with e2v in imaging sensor research for years, and the collaboration has been instrumental in the growth of the group."

The CEI 8 PhD students, predominantly funded by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and the e2v sponsorship on the Collaborative Awards in Science and Engineering (CASE) programme, work in imaging sensor research in support of future space missions and science experiments. The sponsorship also funds the training of e2v staff though continuing professional development workshops held at The Open University. This training is also offered to other space industries as part of their internal continuing professional development (CPD).

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Ambarella Receives GSA Favorite Analyst Semiconductor Company Award

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Business Wire: Global Semiconductor Alliance (GSA) awards Ambarella with the award for the Favorite Analyst Semiconductor Company of 2013. Semiconductor financial analysts from top-tier firms select their favorite company based on historical as well as projected data such as stock performance, revenue growth, net profit margin, revenue forecasts and product performance.

"It is an honor to receive the GSA’s 2013 award for Favorite Analyst Semiconductor Company, our sixth GSA award," said Fermi Wang, CEO of Ambarella. "We have experienced a year of continued growth in wearable sports, video surveillance and automotive camera markets as well as strong performance in our broadcast infrastructure business. In the year ahead, we will continue to partner closely with our customers to successfully bring their innovative products to market."

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Apple Applies for Sensor Cover Alignment Patent

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Apple PCT application WO2013/184414 "Cover for Image Sensor Assembly with Light Absorbing Layer and Alignment Features" by Terence Tam and Jeffrey Gleason proposes package cover where "the light absorbing layer 124 includes one or more openings 126 that provide a line-of-sight view 128 of two opposing corners of the image sensor die 110 to facilitate placing the cover 120 over the upper surface 108 of the package 102 in registry with the image sensor array 112."

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CSR Stops ISP Development

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Reuters, The Telegraph: CSR announces that it will no longer develop new ISPs for digital cameras due to the market weakness and smartphone cameras competition. CSR has entered the camera processor market with acquisition of Zoran in 2011. Its COACH image processor line used to be popular among the major digital camera makers. The line has contributed $36M of revenue in the first nine months of the year. About 200 jobs will be eliminated by Q2 2014 as a result of the re-structuring.

CSR COACH 14

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Nikon D610 review – an affordable full-frame DSLR

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The Nikon D610 is a 'budget' full-frame DSLR, aimed at enthusiasts upgrading from mid-range models or pros looking for an affordable backup for a higher-end body. It replaces the year-old D600 with a minor refresh in features: improved auto white balance and an upgraded shutter mechanism supporting slightly quicker continuous shooting and a new 'silent' mode. Apart from this, the D610 remains the same as the D600 before it, but that's no bad thing as it delivered great handling and quality, earning our Highly Recommended award. Rather than just publish a simple update though, we decided to take the opportunity to perform additional tests against the D7100 with some very interesting results, while also comparing the feature set and style against the Sony Alpha A7 - a fter all there's a new affordable full-framer in town! See my Nikon D610 review!

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TM-AFM for Microlens Topography Mapping

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Chipworks continues a virtual tour in its labs. This time the company explains Tapping-Mode Atomic Force Microscopy (TM-AFM) principle and its difference from the regular AFM. This comes quite useful when profiling the microlens shape:

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Zeiss 85mm 1.4 Otus lens coming in 2014

Two days ago Zeiss has confirmed the next lens from the Otus range to be available in 2014. It will be a short tele 85mm f/1.4 lens. And so Zeiss confirms it will build a family of high-end lenses for full frame DSLR shooters ready to pay the premium price for extraordinary pieces of optics.

The 55mm Otus, which is already shipping, confirmed in tests and in the field its breakthrough qualities. The 85mm 1.4 Otus will now have to be at least as good to live up to the expectations Zeiss has set with the 55mm.

Does this mean a 35mm Otus is coming in 2015? Time will tell, or shall we say Zeiss will tell…

Zeiss 85mm 1.4 Otus confirmed

Zeiss 85mm 1.4 Otus confirmed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Spotted by the digital picture.com

Rumor: Sony to Release Non-Bayer Large Format 54MP Sensor in 2015

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SonyAlphaRumors quotes "very trusted sources" saying that Sony develops a 54MP sensor with an integrated phase-detect AF to appear in cameras in 2015. "This sensor is also the first that has not been designed with a classic RGB (Bayer) pixel structure." It depends on the competition "whether Sony will launch the camera with the new sensor in late 2015 or during 2016."

Thanks to DM for the link!

Sony is known by its experiments with color patterns. In 2003 it added Emerald color to RGB color filter array. In 2010 Sony announced Cinealta super-35mm image sensor with non-Bayer color filter, not to talk about ClearVid 45deg-rotated Bayer pattern used in many Sony consumer and professional video cameras, and older cameras using other exotic patterns.

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Sony Global Shutter CMOS Sensor Features in Video

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Point Grey published a nice Youtube video presenting the newly announced Sony IMX174 global shutter sensor and its spec. Point Grey appears to be the early adapter of the sensor, as it already used in its Grasshopper camera. The key specs are:
  • DR - 73dB
  • Peak QE @ 525nm - over 70%
  • Read noise - 6e-



Thanks to MJ for the link!

At ISSCC 2012, Sony presented a 5MP, 5.86um pixel sensor with global shutter that looks quite similar to IMX174 in terms of pixel technology, albeit resolution, frame rate and other parameters are not the same:

"An 83dB-dynamic-range single-exposure global-shutter CMOS image sensor with in-pixel dual storage"
by Sakakibara, M. ; Oike, Y. ; Takatsuka, T. ; Kato, A. ; Honda, K. ; Taura, T. ; Machida, T. ; Okuno, J. ; Ando, A. ; Fukuro, T. ; Asatsuma, T. ; Endo, S. ; Yamamoto, J. ; Nakano, Y. ; Kaneshige, T. ; Yamamura, I. ; Ezaki, T. ; Hirayama, T.

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Ziptronix Sells its Development Lab to Tezzaron

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Marketwired: Ziptronix announces an agreement with Tezzaron Semiconductor and Novati Technologies, a wholly owned subsidiary of Tezzaron, to sell its 3D IC development lab to Tezzaron, to be operated by Novati. Due to widespread adoption of direct bonding in volume manufacturing, Ziptronix no longer has to dedicate its resources to supporting a lab for commercialization of its patented ZiBond and DBI technologies. The deal includes a strategic agreement with Tezzaron that provides Ziptronix's lab customers continued access to the facility.

Triange Business Journal adds that Novati takes over 11 Ziptronix employees. The six remaining Ziptronix staffers moved from the lab with the headquarters in Raleigh, NC. Ziptronix's work will still be conducted at the facility as part of the deal. The 11 employees will continue "to do what they always did, but they’re working for Novati."

"ZiBond has been in high-volume manufacturing for several years now and DBI is well on its way into production," said Dan Donabedian, CEO of Ziptronix. "Quite simply, as the market is now convinced of the value of our technology, our needs have shifted. As we look to accelerate 3D integration, our focus is increasingly on addressing the needs of the maturing and emerging markets that are adopting our technology via licensing."

Ziptronix's DBI (Direct Bond Interconnect) is said to achieve over 100,000,000 electrical connections per square centimeter; a significant increase over the ~100,000 connections per square centimeter density achieved with through-die vias used in other 3D interconnect approaches. DBI is said to be considered by several manufacturers of next generation image sensors to directly connect control electronics and memory to the pixel sensing layer. This can enable direct control of the individual pixel with extremely short connections.

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THine Announces 16MP ISP

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Business Wire: Tokyo, Japan-based THine announces a superior cost-performance ISP THP7312 supporting up to 16MP cameras, such as smartphones, in-vehicle cameras, drive recorders, security cameras, network cameras, and sports cameras. "It can generate superior quality images for each CMOS image sensor, since THine has collaborated with major sensor makers."

THP7312 offers video image stabilizer function, HDR in full HD video and stills modes and simultaneous capturing of still images and movie images. Because of no need of internal frame memories, THP7312 is suitable for battery-operated handsets, realizing small size, lower power consumption, and higher speed.

THP7312 supports not only RGB but also IR. This new feature enables to offer additional performance for such applications as health-care or beauty-care application for smartphones, drive recorders in night scene, or security cameras that require gesture or pattern recognition under insufficient light. THine offers an auto-defogging image function for drive recorders to read and save front vehicles’ number plate more clearly in PM2.5 or fogging environment.

THine will deliver the samples from December 2013, with mass production starting in Q2, 2014.

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PMD Announces nimble UX Gesture Middleware

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PMD announces nimble UX - its first gesture recognition middleware solution in combination with the CamBoard pico. nimble UX is a developer package for OEMs and ODMs for consumer, automotive and industrial use cases. It includes:
  • pmd depth sensing camera (which is the CamBoard pico for now but can also be a mass market OEM module in the future)
  • nimble pmd - gesture middleware (SDK) which the customer can use to implement his own gesture controlled application. There are predefined gestures available and customized gestures can be defined based on the SDK.
  • nimble dashboard - an implementaton of Windows 8 gesture control, based on the nimble pmd gesture middleware.
The advantages of nimble UX over competitive solutions are:
  • it delivers a full 3D hand model, not just fingertips or orientation.
  • it enables convenient interaction with a user´s arms comfortably resting on the desk. The user is not required to lift the complete arm to start interacting. This lowers the switching cost between standard interaction and touchless interaction.
  • can handle self occlusions of hands/fingers
nimble UX development kits will be available in limited quantities upon request, starting in January 2014 (after CES 2014). A Youtube video shows nimble UX capabilities:

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Full Well Capacity Measurements & Interpretations

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Albert Theuwissen continues his series of posts "How to Measure Full Well Capacity". The recent post discusses various discrepancies, such as why a full well from linearity measurements can differ from the one derived from variance measurements.

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Ambarella Sales, Profits Rise

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Gobenewswire: Ambarella announces its quarterly results. Revenue for the quarter was $46.0M, up 29% from $35.7M a year ago. For the nine months ended October 31, 2013, revenue was $117.6M, up 31% from $89.5M for the nine months ended October 31, 2012. GAAP gross margin was 63.7%, compared with 64.5% for the same period a year ago. Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the quarter were $128.1M.

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Determine Sensor Format from Web-Sized Picture

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Reddit user Mike Cialowicz runs an interesting experiment: can you guess the image sensor format of a web-sized picture by looking at it? Over the last 13 hours the results are not that far from 50-50:

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Hynix Samples 1.12um BSI Sensors

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Hynix image sensor catalog for Q4'13 lists three sensors with 1.12um BSI pixels as sampling:

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