Archives for January 2022

Bankrupt HiDM is Acquired by Rongxin Semiconductor

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JW Insights reports that Rongxin Semiconductor acquired through an auction the bankrupt HiDM (Huaian Imaging Device manufacturing Corporation) in Huaian, Jiangsu province. Rongxin Semiconductor was founded in April 2021 in Ningbo, Jiangsu province. Rongxin paid RMB1.666 billion ($262.1 million) for HiDM assets.

As a private capital, Rongxin’s participation in wafer manufacturing by rescuing HiDM represents a new source of solutions to failed mega semiconductor projects that had occurred over the last several years. It is also regarded as a new force in improving China’s foundry capacity.

Rongxin mainly focuses on 90-55nm 12-inch chip production lines of CIS and other semiconductors. The company's WLCSP TSV packaging focuses on advanced packaging and testing of CIS products.

RongSemi has formed strategic cooperation partnerships with several companies, including OmniVision. Currently, Rongxin is completing the fab construction and hiring its personnel now. The company needs a total of about 1,500 employees, including 70 management personnel, 650 technical personnel, and 780 production personnel.

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EI 2022 Course on Signal Processing for Photon-Limited Imaging

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Stanley Chan from Purdue University publishes slides for his 2022 Electronic Imaging short course "Signal Processing for Photon-Limited Imaging." Few slides out of 81:

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Actlight DPD Presentation

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Actlight CEO Serguei Okhonin presented at Photonics Spectra Conference held on-line last week "Dynamic Photodiodes: Unique Light-Sensing Technology with Tunable Sensitivity." The conference registration registration is free of charge. Few slides from the presentation:

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"Electrostatic Doping" for In-Sensor Computing

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Harvard University, KIST, Pusan University, and Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology publish a pre-print paper "In-sensor optoelectronic computing using electrostatically doped silicon" by Houk Jang, Henry Hinton, Woo-Bin Jung, Min-Hyun Lee, Changhyun Kim, Min Park, Seoung-Ki Lee, Seongjun Park, and Donhee Ham.

"Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors are a visual outpost of many machines that interact with the world. While they presently separate image capture in front-end silicon photodiode arrays from image processing in digital back-ends, efforts to process images within the photodiode array itself are rapidly emerging, in hopes of minimizing the data transfer between sensing and computing, and the associated overhead in energy and bandwidth. Electrical modulation, or programming, of photocurrents is requisite for such in-sensor computing, which was indeed demonstrated with electrostatically doped, but non-silicon, photodiodes. CMOS image sensors are currently incapable of in-sensor computing, as their chemically doped photodiodes cannot produce electrically tunable photocurrents. Here we report in-sensor computing with an array of electrostatically doped silicon p-i-n photodiodes, which is amenable to seamless integration with the rest of the CMOS image sensor electronics. This silicon-based approach could more rapidly bring in-sensor computing to the real world due to its compatibility with the mainstream CMOS electronics industry. Our wafer-scale production of thousands of silicon photodiodes using standard fabrication emphasizes this compatibility. We then demonstrate in-sensor processing of optical images using a variety of convolutional filters electrically programmed into a 3 × 3 network of these photodiodes."

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Quanta Image Sensor Presentation

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Eric Fossum presented a keynote at Phototics Spectra Conference last week (free registration) "Quanta Image Sensors: Every Photon Counts, Even in a Smartphone." Few slides:

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TrendForce: 4-camera Modules in Smartphones Become Less Popular

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TrendForce analysis shows that 4 camera modules in smartphones become less popular:

"The trend towards multiple cameras started to shift in 2H21 after a few years of positive growth. The previous spike in the penetration rate of four camera modules was primarily incited by mid-range smart phone models in 2H20 when mobile phone brands sought to market their products through promoting more and more cameras. However, as consumers realized that the macro and depth camera usually featured on the third and fourth cameras were used less frequently and improvements in overall photo quality limited, the demand for four camera modules gradually subsided and mobile phone brands returned to fulfilling the actual needs of consumers.

Overall, TrendForce believes that the number of camera modules mounted on smartphones will no longer be the main focus of mobile phone brands, as focus will return to the real needs of consumers. Therefore, triple camera modules will remain the mainstream design for the next 2~3 years.

Although camera shipment growth has slowed, camera resolution continues to improve. Taking primary cameras as an example, the current mainstream design is 13-48 million pixels, accounting for more than 50% of cameras in 2021. In second place are products featuring 49-64 million pixels which accounted for more than 20% of cameras last year with penetration rate expected to increase to 23% in 2022. The third highest portion is 12 million pixel products, currently dominated by the iPhone and Samsung's flagship series."

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Samsung Hyper-Spectral Sensor for Mobile Applications

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De Gruyter Nanophotonics publishes a paper "Compact meta-spectral image sensor for mobile applications" by Jaesoong Lee, Yeonsang Park, Hyochul Kim, Young-Zoon Yoon, Woong Ko, Kideock Bae, Jeong-Yub Lee, Hyuck Choo, and Young-Geun Roh from Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology and Chungnam National University.

"We have demonstrated a compact and efficient metasurface-based spectral imager for use in the near-infrared range. The spectral imager was created by fabricating dielectric multilayer filters directly on top of the CMOS image sensor. The transmission wavelength for each spectral channel was selected by embedding a Si nanopost array of appropriate dimensions within the multilayers on the corresponding pixels, and this greatly simplified the fabrication process by avoiding the variation of the multilayer-film thicknesses. The meta-spectral imager shows high efficiency and excellent spectral resolution up to 2.0 nm in the near-infrared region. Using the spectral imager, we were able to measure the broad spectra of LED emission and obtain hyperspectral images from wavelength-mixed images. This approach provides ease of fabrication, miniaturization, low crosstalk, high spectral resolution, and high transmission. Our findings can potentially be used in integrating a compact spectral imager in smartphones for diverse applications."

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One More Terabee iToF Webinar

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 Terabee publishes "An introduction to Time-of-Flight sensing" webinar:

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Emberion Raises €6M

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Emberion, a developer of SWIR image sensors using nanomaterials, has raised €6M in funding from Nidoco AB, Tesi (Finnish Industry Investment Ltd) and Verso Capital.

We are disrupting multiple imaging markets by extending the wavelength range at a significantly more affordable cost. Our revolutionary sensor is designed to meet the needs of even the most challenging machine vision applications, such as plastic sorting. We look forward to helping customers access new information at infrared wavelengths, thereby critically enhancing their applications beyond today’s capabilities,” said Jyrki Rosenberg, CEO, Emberion.

We have created a new generation of image sensors using nanomaterials. Our high-performance industrial cameras can increase efficiency and reduce the loss of resources in many industrial processes. We innovate at all levels of camera design: nanomaterials, integrated circuit design, electronics, photonics and software. We are now stepping forward to expand our capacity to manufacture,” commented Tapani Ryhänen, CTO.

We are appreciative of the high interest and trust towards our technology from investors and customers. With this funding, our next step is to increase our production capacity to be able to serve our customers’ needs. We will also intensify our efforts to further develop mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and broadband solutions to expand our offerings and to enhance the capabilities of our current VIS-SWIR product line,” added Rosenberg.

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IDTechEx on SWIR Sensor Technologies

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Photonics Spectra conference held on-line this week (with free registration) features IDTechEx analyst Matthew Dyson presentation "Emerging Short-Wavelength Infrared Sensors." Few slides from the presentation:

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SWIR Multi-Spectral Sensor

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Phys.org: Nature publishes Eindhoven University's of Technology paper "Integrated near-infrared spectral sensing" by Kaylee D. Hakkel, Maurangelo Petruzzella, Fang Ou, Anne van Klinken, Francesco Pagliano, Tianran Liu, Rene P. J. van Veldhoven & Andrea Fiore.

"Spectral sensing is increasingly used in applications ranging from industrial process monitoring to agriculture. Sensing is usually performed by measuring reflected or transmitted light with a spectrometer and processing the resulting spectra. However, realizing compact and mass-manufacturable spectrometers is a major challenge, particularly in the infrared spectral region where chemical information is most prominent. Here we propose a different approach to spectral sensing which dramatically simplifies the requirements on the hardware and allows the monolithic integration of the sensors. We use an array of resonant-cavity-enhanced photodetectors, each featuring a distinct spectral response in the 850-1700 nm wavelength range. We show that prediction models can be built directly using the responses of the photodetectors, despite the presence of multiple broad peaks, releasing the need for spectral reconstruction. The large etendue and responsivity allow us to demonstrate the application of an integrated near-infrared spectral sensor in relevant problems, namely milk and plastic sensing. Our results open the way to spectral sensors with minimal size, cost and complexity for industrial and consumer applications."

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Infiray Presents its Visible and Thermal Camera Fusion for Automotive Applications

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Infiray presents its "new breakthrough on Automotive Night Vision:"

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Pixart Introduces Low-Power Intelligent Object Detecting Sensor

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It appears that integration of vision processor with image sensor is becoming a trend. First, Himax and Sony did it, now - Pixart.

Pixart presents Low-Power Intelligent Object Detection (LIOD) product line and the working principle of its PAG7681LS sensor.

Correction: I got a following email from Pixart that corrects my post:

"Seem like you may misunderstand on the offering of our Low-power Intelligent Object Detection (LIOD) product. I would like to clarify that the PixArt supplying LIOD as a “processor” in the form of stand-alone chip that could be externally assembled with our image sensor to work as a complete intelligent vision system. The PAG7681LS is not a "Sensor" nor "Sensor Module" that integrates a vision processor with image sensor in the same board package. However, we do offer custom design service for any system module based on the custom requirements.

The PCB shown in the PAG7681LS product landing page in our website is the 3-in1 evaluation board for the solution of PixArt's Smart Forehead Temperature Detection that includes the three parts: PAF9701C1 (Far Infrared Sensor), PAG7920LT (Global Shutter Image Sensor), and PAG7681LS (Low-Power Intelligent Object Detection). In our current product line card, we supply the PAF9701C1, PAG7920LT and PAG7681LS as 3 stand-alone parts."


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SiPM in 55nm Globalfoundries BCD Process

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EPFL, Globalfoundries, and KIST publish an Arxiv.org paper "On Analog Silicon Photomultipliers in Standard 55-nm BCD Technology for LiDAR Applications" by Jiuxuan Zhao, Tommaso Milanese, Francesco Gramuglia, Pouyan Keshavarzian, Shyue Seng Tan, Michelle Tng, Louis Lim, Vinit Dhulla, Elgin Quek, Myung-Jae Lee, and Edoardo Charbon.

"We present an analog silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) based on a standard 55 nm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) technology. The SiPM is composed of 16×16 single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and measures 0.29×0.32 mm2. Each SPAD cell is passively quenched by a monolithically integrated 3.3 V thick oxide transistor. The measured gain is 3.4× 10^5 at 5 V excess bias voltage. The single-photon timing resolution (SPTR) is 185 ps and the multiple-photon timing resolution (MPTR) is 120 ps at 3.3 V excess bias voltage. We integrate the SiPM into a co-axial light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system with a time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) module in FPGA. The depth measurement up to 25 m achieves an accuracy of 2 cm and precision of 2 mm under the room ambient light condition. With co-axial scanning, the intensity and depth images of complex scenes with resolutions of 128×256 and 256×512 are demonstrated. The presented SiPM enables the development of cost-effective LiDAR system-on-chip (SoC) in the advanced technology."

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Sony Drone Features 10 Image Sensors

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Sony publishes an extended "Airpeak S1 developer interview: 2nd Sensing Edition." Few quotes:

"The Airpeak S1 is equipped with many sensors to provide maneuverability and safe flight. The most important of these is a 5-way stereo camera that captures information about the aircraft and its surroundings from images. In the "Airpeak S1", the vision sensing processor uses these 5 x 2 = 10 image sensors, and the IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), which detects the angular velocity and acceleration of the aircraft, for a total of 11 sensors. 

After all, I wanted to fulfill the user's request to fly the drone safely. Safety is ensured by detecting obstacles in the surroundings, and by performing highly accurate self-position estimation even under sudden aircraft movements and violent vibrations of the highly mobile "Airpeak S1", stable flight even in places where GNSS is difficult to enter. I wanted to be able to provide.

When thinking so, for example, if there are only two stereo cameras, there is a risk that the necessary information cannot be obtained depending on the location and environment. Since vision sensing with a stereo camera requires the presence of a textured object within the range of measurement, it is possible to detect surrounding obstacles by increasing the number of observable directions, and it also demonstrates the performance of self-position estimation. It will be easier to meet the conditions. However, it is not easy to install 5 stereo cameras. In addition to the installation location, cost, and weight issues I mentioned earlier, we need a high-performance microprocessor that has a large number of input systems and can process a large amount of video in real time."


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Rode Videomic GO II review

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The Rode Videomic Go II is a compact and affordable shotgun microphone aimed at video creators, podcasters or anyone wanting to improve the quality of Zoom calls. Find out why it's one of the best options for the money in my review!…

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Canon places third in U.S. patent rankings and first among Japanese companies, places in top five for 36 years running

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ST Presents 4.6um Pixel iToF Sensor

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ST presents its 4.6um iToF sensor at ESSCIRC 2021 that appears to be quite close to production, judging by the large team size: "4.6μm Low Power Indirect Time-of-Flight Pixel Achieving 88.5% Demodulation Contrast at 200MHz for 0.54MPix Depth Camera" by Cédric Tubert, Pascal Mellot, Yann Desprez, Celine Mas, Arnaud Authié, Laurent Simony, Grégory Bochet, Stephane Drouard, Jeremie Teyssier, Damien Miclo, Jean-Raphael Bezal, Thibault Augey, Franck Hingant, Thomas Bouchet, Blandine Roig, Aurélien Mazard, Raoul Vergara, Gabriel Mugny, Arnaud Tournier, Frédéric Lalanne, François Roy, Boris Rodrigues Goncalves, Matteo Vignetti, Pascal Fonteneau, Vincent Farys, François Agut, Joao Migue Melo Santos, David Hadden, Kevin Channon, Christopher Townsend, Bruce Rae, and Sara Pellegrini.

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PMD-Infineon Advances in FSI iToF Sensors

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ISSCIRC 2021 paper and presentation "Advancements in Indirect Time of Flight Image Sensors in Front Side Illuminated CMOS" by M. Dielacher, M. Flatscher, R. Gabl, R. Gaggl, D. Offenberg, and J. Prima is available on-line. Few interesting slides:

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ORRAM Neuromorphic Vision Sensor

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Hong Kong Polytechnic University publishes a video explaining its Optoelectronic Resistive Memory-based vision sensor with image recognition capabilities:

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LiDAR News: Voyant, Innoviz, Quanergy

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PRNewswire: Lidar-on-a-chip startup Voyant Photonics raises $15.4M in Series A. Voyant's LiDAR system, containing thousands of optical components fabricated on a single semiconductor chip, enables its customers to integrate an effective and exponentially more scalable LiDAR system than possible to date.


Innoviz CEO Omer Keilaf presents the requirements to the automotive LiDAR that the company has learned over 6 years of its existence:


PRNewswire:  The new Innoviz360 HD LiDAR is claimed to be a breakthrough that leapfrogs traditional, standard-resolution spinner solutions that are performance limited, expensive, big and unreliable. Unlike traditional spinner solutions that are performance limited with only up to 128 scanning lines, the new, lightweight, Innoviz360 LiDAR allows multiple scanning software configurations with up to 1280 scanning lines (10x) at a cost-effective and durable solution than traditional 360 LiDARs.


BusinessWire: Quanergy reports achieving 200m range in its S3 Series OPA LiDAR. . The demo included the detection and tracking of a target with 10% reflectivity mounted on a vehicle stationed 200 meters away and a person with dark clothes as he walked the entire distance to the vehicle at 200 meters.

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First 10000 photos are your worst

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The renowned photographer Henri Cartier-Bresson famously said ‘Your first 10,000 photos are your worst’. Having just gone through my first decade’s worth - over 5000 prints - I’m inclined to agree. In this post I’ll share my journey and what that quote means in the digital World.…

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Ge/MoS2 Broadband Detectors

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Science publishes a paper "Visible and infrared dual-band imaging via Ge/MoS2 van der Waals heterostructure" by Aujin Hwang, Minseong Park, Youngseo Park, Yeongseok Shim, Sukhyeong Youn, Chan-Ho Lee, Han Beom Jeong, Hu Young Jeong, Jiwon Chang, Kyusang Lee, Geonwook Yoo, Junseok Heo from Ajou University, Yonsei University, Soongsil University, KAIST, UNIST (Korea), and University of Virginia (USA).

"In this paper, we demonstrate a Ge/MoS2 van der Waals heterojunction photodetector for VIS- and IR-selective detection capability under near-photovoltaic and photoconductive modes. The simplified single-polarity bias operation using single pixel could considerably reduce structural complexity and minimize peripheral circuitry for multispectral selective detection. The proposed multispectral photodetector provides a potential pathway for the integration of VIS/NIR vision for application in self-driving, surveillance, computer vision, and biomedical imaging."

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Recent Videos: HK University, Almalence, Sony AI, Cube Eye, Imatest, Trieye

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Hong Kong University publishes its video poster on modeling of Current-Assisted Photonic Demodulator (CAPD) for iToF sensors:


Almalence demos its super resolution approach with Omnivision endoscopic sensor OVM6948:


Sony AI publishes a video "Imaging & Sensing Project:"


Meere company presents Cube Eye ToF camera capable to operate in 100Klux sunlight:



Imatest publishes a webinar on automotive camera characterization according to P2020 standard:



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Recent Videos: HK University, Almalence, Sony AI, Cube Eye, Imatest, Trieye

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Hong Kong University publishes its video poster on modeling of Current-Assisted Photonic Demodulator (CAPD) for iToF sensors:


Almalence demos its super resolution approach with Omnivision endoscopic sensor OVM6948:


Sony AI publishes a video "Imaging & Sensing Project:"


Meere company presents Cube Eye ToF camera capable to operate in 100Klux sunlight:


Imatest publishes a webinar on automotive camera characterization according to P2020 standard:



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8-inch CIS TSV Fab in China Gets 100M RMB Investment

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Sohu: Suzhou Keyang Semiconductor Co., Ltd. (Keyang Semiconductor) receives a strategic investment of more than 100M yuan. After the completion of this round of investment, Keyang Semiconductor will accelerate the upgrade of the CIS production line.

Li Yongzhi, Director and CEO of Keyun Semiconductor, says: "In the face of new opportunities, Keyang Semiconductor will continue to dig deeper in the field of advanced semiconductor packaging, and is committed to becoming the world's leading through-silicon via (TSV) and wafer-level packaging (WLP) solution provider!"

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Ambarella Presents Artificial Intelligence Image Signal Processor (AISP)

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GlobeNewswire: Ambarella announces an Artificial Intelligence Image Signal Processor (AISP). The new AISP will become available across Ambarella’s entire CVflow SoC portfolio at resolutions up to 4K. The applications of this technology encompass all of the company’s target markets, where low-light and HDR processing are critical. This includes security and automotive cameras, where full-color night vision is a key operating point, and where better low-light and HDR enable reductions in external illumination, the use of lower cost sensors, and cleaner video for both human viewing and analytics processing.

A good example of this new technology in action is a typical security camera trying to identify a license plate at night. With noisy video, the text on the license plate would be unreadable, even to the best AI algorithm. And with black and white video, all color information on the car would be lost. By using Ambarella’s AISP technology and restoring colors at the source before AI processing, the license plate can be clearly read and the color of the car identified.

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Q&A with Eric Fossum

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Dartmouth publishes "Q&A with engineering professor and Technology and Engineering Emmy winner Eric Fossum." Few quotes:

"The winners of the Emmy awards that were announced were me as the primary inventor, as well as Kodak. I was also very happy that we were able to get some extra trophies for some of my other team members of PhotoBit.

Now we have moved on to a new technology at Dartmouth and my research lab, which is an even more sensitive camera chip called a quanta image sensor.

It counts individual photons of light one at a time. I started it probably about five years ago, when we were doing a lot of research. But then my Ph.D. students and I co-founded a startup company out of Dartmouth called GigaJot, which is now operating in southern California. So now we’re again trying to commercialize that technology, and maybe it’ll make it to your smartphone someday. We’ll see.

Our photon counting sensor clock and image sensor still have their own limitations. I’m trying to understand the semiconductor device physics behind the background noise in these devices because it limits the perfection of the sensitivity. So I want to understand what those limits are all about. It’s really pushing the forefront."

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Omnivision Presents 5MP Sensor with 2.2um RGB-IR Global Shutter Pixels

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BusinessWire: Omnivision announces the latest addition to its Nyxel NIR family―the OX05B1S is the automotive industry’s first 5MP RGB-IR BSI global shutter sensor for in-cabin monitoring systems (IMS) with a pixel size of just 2.2µm with improves 940nm NIR sensitivity. Additionally, it is the first RGB-IR sensor for in-cabin monitoring to feature integrated cybersecurity.

According to Colin Barnden, principal analyst at Semicast Research, “The DMS sector represents a huge growth opportunity for in-cabin cameras, with almost all automotive OEM nominations still to be decided. Based on OMNIVISION’s revolutionary Nyxel NIR technology, the new OX05B1S brings dramatically improved resolution as well as overall enhanced efficiency and design flexibility to automotive OEMs seeking high performance operation across the full spectrum of lighting conditions.

The automotive industry can now transition from 1 and 2MP to 5MP with our new RGB-IR BSI global shutter sensor, and they only need one camera instead of two for simultaneous driver and occupant monitoring systems, reducing complexity, cost and space,” said Andy Hanvey, director of automotive marketing at OMNIVISION. “We anticipate high demand for the OX05B1S and have already been awarded OEM projects. Most importantly, we developed it with strong ecosystem partner support, working with companies such as Seeing Machines, to enable a complete, seamless solution for automotive OEMs.

The OX05B1S is said to have the industry’s highest NIR QE at 36% (a 3X boost from 12% in the previous generation). The sensor comes in an OMNIVISION stacked a-CSP package that is 50% smaller than competitive products and allows for higher-performance image sensors in tighter camera spaces. It is also available in a reconstructed wafer option for designers who want the flexibility to customize their own package.

The OX05B1S has an “always on” optional feature. Samples of the OX05B1S are available now and the sensors will be available in mass production in Q1 2023.

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Omnivision Launches 3MP SoC for Automotive Cameras with Low Power and Small Size

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BusinessWire: Omnivision launches the OX03D, a 3MP SoC for automotive surround-view systems (SVS), rearview systems (RVS) and e-mirrors. The new SoC provides a path for automotive OEMs to upgrade from 1MP to 3MP while retaining a 1/4-inch optical format. The OX03D4C has a fully integrated ISP, is capable of 140dB HDR and includes the tone-mapping algorithm along with the LED flicker mitigation (LFM).

It features 105dB motion-free HDR with a total range of 140dB, and provides HDR and LFM simultaneously. The OX03D supports a number of CFA patterns, and can output both YUV and RAW process streams at the same time. The OX03D4C provides four on-screen display overlay layers for driver guidelines, as well as distortion correction to straighten any curved edges from lenses with a wide viewing angle. The OX03D4C consumes less than 500 mW power, enabling the use of a plastic case for lighter weight and lower cost.

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